Cold argon clusters and infrared spectroscopy reveal how the vibrations of two bases, such as ammonia and water, influence the behavior of a proton bound between them.

In a process similar to forming ceramics, metal nanoparticles coated with dithiol ligands can be shaped into objects and thermally annealed to create a porous, hardened material.

Organic molecular building blocks can be condensed into covalently bound crystalline solids with low density and high porosity, surface area, and thermal stability.