Cytoplasmic organelles called P-bodies cannot only degrade mRNA but can store it for later release into the translation machinery.

Infection of cultured neurons with inactive prions that otherwise cause Creutzfeld-Jakob Disease and scrapie can prevent subsequent infection by other prion strains, consistent with in vivo results.

Artificial evolution of bacteria by stepwise replacement of amino acids in an enzyme reveals a relatively smooth adaptive landscape with the wild-type strain atop a fitness peak.