The crystal structure of an influenza antibody that recognizes a small, conserved site in the variable receptor-binding domain of HA is described; this antibody shows broad neutralization across multiple subtypes of influenza A virus through an antibody–antigen interaction dominated by a single heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3 loop.

A framework is developed in which new connections to a growing network optimize geometric trade-offs between popularity and similarity, instead of simply preferring popular nodes; this approach accurately describes the large-scale evolution of various networks.

Data are presented that support the idea of an oxygenation event in the immediate aftermath of the Marinoan glaciation, pre-dating previous estimates for post-Marinoan oxygenation by more than 50 million years.