Among the four discrete nuclear spin isomers of ethylene, interconversion can occur among pairs of like-symmetry, qualifying the abundances of these isomers in space.

Data and modeling imply that the use of large tree plantations to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide will tax water supplies and degrade soils in many parts of the United States.

A membrane protein that transports drugs out of bacteria is an antiparallel dimer, with asymmetry between the two subunits driving unidirectional transport.